1. Supervisor简介[官网]
Supervisor是一个用Python写的进程管理工具，可以很方便的用来启动、重启、关闭进程（不仅仅是Python进程）。除了对单个进程的控制，还可以同时启动、关闭多个进程。Supervisor 是一个 C/S 模型的程序，supervisord 为 server 端，对应的有 client端：supervisorctl和应用程序（即我们要管理的程序）,它可以在类unix操作系统让用户来监视和控制后台服务进程的数量，一个很重要的功能就是监控服务的主要后台进程，并在出现问题时自动重启。
2. Supervisor安装配置
2.1 使用setuptools安装(安装和配置时需使用root权限)
pip install supervisor easy_install supervisor 如果是 Ubuntu 系统，还可以使用 apt-get 安装
2.2 下载安装supervisor
wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/supervisor/supervisor-3.0b1.tar.gz tar -zxvf supervisor-3.0b1.tar.gz cd supervisor-3.0b1 python setup.py install
2.3 初始化配置文件
echo_supervisord_conf > /etc/supervisord.conf # 此命令会在 /etc/下创建一个示例配置文件
2.4 启动supervisor
运行supervisor
supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf # 如果不指定配置文件 supervisord # 那么配置文件会依次再下面的文件夹中寻找 # $CWD/supervisord.conf # $CWD/etc/supervisord.conf # /etc/supervisord.conf
设置supervisor启动文件
vi /etc/init.d/supervisord
#!/bin/bash
#
# supervisord This scripts turns supervisord on
#
# Author: Mike McGrath <mmcgrath@redhat.com> (based off yumupdatesd)
# Jason Koppe <jkoppe@indeed.com> adjusted to read sysconfig,
# use supervisord tools to start/stop, conditionally wait
# for child processes to shutdown, and startup later
# Mikhail Mingalev <mingalevme@gmail.com> Merged
# redhat-init-jkoppe and redhat-sysconfig-jkoppe, and
# made the script "simple customizable".
# Brendan Maguire <maguire.brendan@gmail.com> Added OPTIONS to
# SUPERVISORCTL status call
#
# chkconfig: 345 83 04
#
# description: supervisor is a process control utility. It has a web based
# xmlrpc interface as well as a few other nifty features.
# Script was originally written by Jason Koppe <jkoppe@indeed.com>.
#
# source function library
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
set -a
PREFIX=/usr
SUPERVISORD=$PREFIX/bin/supervisord
SUPERVISORCTL=$PREFIX/bin/supervisorctl
PIDFILE=/var/run/supervisord.pid
LOCKFILE=/var/lock/subsys/supervisord
OPTIONS="-c /etc/supervisord.conf"
# unset this variable if you don't care to wait for child processes to shutdown before removing the $LOCKFILE-lock
WAIT_FOR_SUBPROCESSES=yes
# remove this if you manage number of open files in some other fashion
ulimit -n 96000
RETVAL=0
running_pid()
{
# Check if a given process pid's cmdline matches a given name
pid=$1
name=$2
[ -z "$pid" ] && return 1
[ ! -d /proc/$pid ] && return 1
(cat /proc/$pid/cmdline | tr "\000" "\n"|grep -q $name) || return 1
return 0
}
running()
{
# Check if the process is running looking at /proc
# (works for all users)
# No pidfile, probably no daemon present
[ ! -f "$PIDFILE" ] && return 1
# Obtain the pid and check it against the binary name
pid=`cat $PIDFILE`
running_pid $pid $SUPERVISORD || return 1
return 0
}
start() {
echo "Starting supervisord: "
if [ -e $PIDFILE ]; then
echo "ALREADY STARTED"
return 1
fi
# start supervisord with options from sysconfig (stuff like -c)
$SUPERVISORD $OPTIONS
# show initial startup status
$SUPERVISORCTL $OPTIONS status
# only create the subsyslock if we created the PIDFILE
[ -e $PIDFILE ] && touch $LOCKFILE
}
stop() {
echo -n "Stopping supervisord: "
$SUPERVISORCTL $OPTIONS shutdown
if [ -n "$WAIT_FOR_SUBPROCESSES" ]; then
echo "Waiting roughly 60 seconds for $PIDFILE to be removed after child processes exit"
for sleep in 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 last; do
if [ ! -e $PIDFILE ] ; then
echo "Supervisord exited as expected in under $total_sleep seconds"
break
else
if [[ $sleep -eq "last" ]] ; then
echo "Supervisord still working on shutting down. We've waited roughly 60 seconds, we'll let it do its thing f
rom here"
return 1
else
sleep $sleep
total_sleep=$(( $total_sleep + $sleep ))
fi
fi
done
fi
# always remove the subsys. We might have waited a while, but just remove it at this point.
rm -f $LOCKFILE
}
restart() {
stop
start
}
case "$1" in
start)
start
RETVAL=$?
;;
stop)
stop
RETVAL=$?
;;
restart|force-reload)
restart
RETVAL=$?
;;
reload)
$SUPERVISORCTL $OPTIONS reload
RETVAL=$?
;;
condrestart)
[ -f $LOCKFILE ] && restart
RETVAL=$?
;;
status)
$SUPERVISORCTL $OPTIONS status
if running ; then
RETVAL=0
else
RETVAL=1
fi
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|reload|force-reload|condrestart}"
exit 1
esac
exit $RETVAL
====================================
centos7启动文件，进入目录 /usr/lib/systemd/system/，增加文件 supervisord.service
# supervisord service for systemd (CentOS 7.0+)# by ET-CS (https://github.com/ET-CS)[Unit]
Description=Supervisor daemon
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf
ExecStop=/usr/bin/supervisorctl $OPTIONS shutdown
ExecReload=/usr/bin/supervisorctl $OPTIONS reload
KillMode=process
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=42s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target3. Supervisor配置详解
3.1 supervisor主要配置
[unix_http_server] file=/tmp/supervisor.sock ; (the path to the socket file) #UNIX socket 文件，supervisorctl 会使用 ;chmod=0700 ; socket file mode (default 0700) #socket 文件的 mode，默认是 0700 ;chown=nobody:nogroup ; socket file uid:gid owner #socket 文件的 owner，格式： uid:gid ;username=user ; (default is no username (open server)) ;password=123 ; (default is no password (open server)) [inet_http_server] ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default #HTTP 服务器，提供 web 管理界面 port=127.0.0.1:9001 ; (ip_address:port specifier, *:port for all iface) #Web 管理后台运行的 IP 和端口，如果开放到公网，需要注意安全性 username=chegva ; (default is no username (open server)) #登录管理后台的用户名和密码 password=chegva ; (default is no password (open server)) [supervisord] logfile=/tmp/supervisord.log ; (main log file;default $CWD/supervisord.log) #日志文件，默认是 $CWD/supervisord.log logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; (max main logfile bytes b4 rotation;default 50MB) #日志文件大小，超出会 rotate，默认 50MB logfile_backups=10 ; (num of main logfile rotation backups;default 10) #日志文件保留备份数量默认 10 loglevel=info ; (log level;default info; others: debug,warn,trace) #日志级别，默认 info，其它: debug,warn,trace pidfile=/tmp/supervisord.pid ; (supervisord pidfile;default supervisord.pid) #pid 文件 nodaemon=false ; (start in foreground if true;default false) #是否在前台启动，默认是 false，即以 daemon 的方式启动 minfds=1024 ; (min. avail startup file descriptors;default 1024) #可以打开的文件描述符的最小值，默认 1024 minprocs=200 ; (min. avail process descriptors;default 200) #可以打开的进程数的最小值，默认 200 [supervisorctl] serverurl=unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL for a unix socket #通过 UNIX socket 连接 supervisord，路径与 unix_http_server 部分的 file 一致 ;serverurl=http://127.0.0.1:9001 ; 通过 HTTP 的方式连接 supervisord ;username=chris ; should be same as http_username if set [include] files = relative/directory/*.ini #可以是 *.conf 或 *.ini
3.2 program 配置
新建一个目录 /etc/supervisor/ 用于存放这些配置文件，相应的，把 /etc/supervisord.conf 里 include 部分的的配置修改一下：
[include] files = /etc/supervisor/*.conf
假设有个用 Python 和 Flask 框架编写的用户中心系统，取名 usercenter，用 gunicorn (http://gunicorn.org/) 做 web 服务器。项目代码位于 /home/leon/projects/usercenter，gunicorn 配置文件为 gunicorn.py，WSGI callable 是 wsgi.py 里的 app 属性。所以直接在命令行启动的方式可能是这样的：
cd /home/leon/projects/usercenter gunicorn -c gunicorn.py wsgi:app
现在编写一份配置文件来管理这个进程（需要注意：用 supervisord 管理时，gunicorn 的 daemon 选项需要设置为 False）：
[program:usercenter] directory = /home/leon/projects/usercenter ; 程序的启动目录 command = gunicorn -c gunicorn.py wsgi:app ; 启动命令，可以看出与手动在命令行启动的命令是一样的 autostart = true ; 在 supervisord 启动的时候也自动启动 startsecs = 5 ; 启动 5 秒后没有异常退出，就当作已经正常启动了 autorestart = true ; 程序异常退出后自动重启 startretries = 3 ; 启动失败自动重试次数，默认是 3 user = leon ; 用哪个用户启动 redirect_stderr = true ; 把 stderr 重定向到 stdout，默认 false stdout_logfile_maxbytes = 20MB ; stdout 日志文件大小，默认 50MB stdout_logfile_backups = 20 ; stdout 日志文件备份数 ; stdout 日志文件，需要注意当指定目录不存在时无法正常启动，所以需要手动创建目录（supervisord 会自动创建日志文件） stdout_logfile = /data/logs/usercenter_stdout.log ; 可以通过 environment 来添加需要的环境变量，一种常见的用法是修改 PYTHONPATH ; environment=PYTHONPATH=$PYTHONPATH:/path/to/somewhere
一份配置文件至少需要一个 [program:x] 部分的配置，来告诉 supervisord 需要管理那个进程。[program:x] 语法中的 x 表示 program name，会在客户端（supervisorctl 或 web 界面）显示，在 supervisorctl 中通过这个值来对程序进行 start、restart、stop 等操作。
直接在配置文件后添加shadowsocks实例
在/etc/supervisord.conf文件最后添加shadowsocks实例，除了单个进程的控制，还可以配置 group，进行分组管理。如下这一段配置如果配置错误，会导致supervisor的启动失败
[program:shadowsocks] command = /usr/local/bin/ss-server -c /home/anzhihe/config19.json user = anzhihe autostart = true autoresart = true stderr_logfile=/home/anzhihe/ss.stderr.log stdout_logfile=/home/anzhihe/ss.stdout.log logfile_maxbytes=10MB logfile_backups=5 # 使新的配置文件生效 supervisorctl update
4. Supervisor进程管理
supervisorctl使用
# 控制所有进程 supervisorctl start all supervisorctl stop all supervisorctl restart all # 控制目标进程 supervisorctl stop shadowsocks supervisorctl start shadowsocks supervisorctl restart shadowsocks # 查看程序状态 supervisorctl status # 读取有更新（增加）的配置文件，不会启动新添加的程序 supervisorctl reread # 重启配置文件修改过的程序，使新的配置文件生效 supervisorctl update
web端管理进程
参考:
http://www.ttlsa.com/linux/using-supervisor-control-program/
