之前写过一篇 Xtrabackup备份文件恢复 的文章,生产中Mysql备份基本都是使用percona的xtrabackup进行全量&增量备份,简单的话直接使用mysqldump即可。这个脚本比较好的是在一个脚本内实现了全量和增量备份,思路挺好,来源:https://www.modb.pro/db/42779,稍微改了下,加了邮件报警等功能,感谢原作者分享。
脚本内容:mysql_backup_full_incr.sh
#!/bin/bash # 参考:https://www.modb.pro/db/42779 ############################################### #1. 该备份脚本需要加入到cron中,每天自动执行该脚本 #2. 以周为单位,进行一次全备,比如周六凌晨 #3. 然后一周中其他备份时间执行增量备份 ############################################### ##备份策略: ##周日(7): 全备 ##周一 ~ 周六(1-6): 增量备份 source /etc/profile ulimit -HSn 102400 ## ##========== global var ============ ## #如果一台服务器上有多个MySQL,可以使用 BAK_DIR_ROOT进行备份路径的区别 #可增加端口作为区分,例如 /data/backup/mysqk/3306 BAK_DIR_ROOT="/data/backup/mysql" #默认周日进行全备(1 - 7), 1是周一,7是周日 FULL_BAK_DAY_OF_WEEK=7 #备份文件保留周期,默认保留35天 (4-5周) HOLD_DAYS=35 MYSQL_USERNAME="mysql_backup" MYSQL_PASSWORD="backup_chegva.com" MYSQL_CNF="/etc/my.cnf" MYSQL_MULTI_GROUP="--socket=/tmp/mysql.sock" #如果使用多实例,比如通过ecloud的方式下发安装,默认使用多实例 #MYSQL_MULTI_GROUP="--defaults-group=mysqld3307 --socket=/tmp/mysql3307.sock" CURRENT_WEEK_OF_YEAR=$(date +%U) CURRENT_DAY_OF_WEEK=$(date +%u) CURRENT_DATE=$(date +%F) CURRENT_TIME=$(date +%H-%M-%S) CURRENT_DATETIME="${CURRENT_DATE}_${CURRENT_TIME}" CURRENT_DAYWEEK="${CURRENT_DATE}_${CURRENT_DAY_OF_WEEK}" BAK_WEEK_DIR="${BAK_DIR_ROOT}/WEEK_${CURRENT_WEEK_OF_YEAR}" BAK_FULL_DIR="${BAK_WEEK_DIR}/FULL" BAK_LOG="${BAK_WEEK_DIR}/backup_${CURRENT_DATETIME}.log" ## remote backup vars IP_HOST="$(hostname -I | awk '{print $1}')_$(hostname)" MANAGE_IP=192.168.111.222 REMOTE_BACKUP_DIR=/mysqlbackup ## ##========== function ============= ## prepare() { if [[ ! -d ${BAK_WEEK_DIR} ]];then mkdir -p ${BAK_WEEK_DIR} fi echo ">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ${CURRENT_DATETIME} Begin Backup <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<" >> ${BAK_LOG} CONNECT="--defaults-file=${MYSQL_CNF} ${MYSQL_MULTI_GROUP} --user=${MYSQL_USERNAME} --password=${MYSQL_PASSWORD}" } # 周日(7): 全备 full_backup() { if [[ ! -d ${BAK_FULL_DIR} ]]; then mkdir -p ${BAK_FULL_DIR} fi echo "*** FULL BACKUP Date : ${CURRENT_DATETIME}" >> ${BAK_FULL_DIR}/full_backup.date DATA_START=$(date +%s) innobackupex ${CONNECT} --no-timestamp --compress --compress-threads=1 --stream=xbstream --parallel=2 --ftwrl-wait-timeout=120 --ftwrl-wait-threshold=120 --ftwrl-wait-query-type=all --extra-lsndir="${BAK_FULL_DIR}/LSN_INFO" ${BAK_FULL_DIR} > "${BAK_FULL_DIR}/mysql_backup_${CURRENT_DAYWEEK}_full.xbstream" 2>> ${BAK_LOG} DATA_MARK=$? DATA_END=$(date +%s) DATA_TIME=$((DATA_END-DATA_START)) if [ ${DATA_MARK} -eq 0 ];then techo "mysql full backup success,named ${BAK_FULL_DIR}/mysql_backup_${CURRENT_DAYWEEK}_full.xbstream,took ${DATA_TIME} seconds,size $(du -sh ${BAK_FULL_DIR}/mysql_backup_${CURRENT_DAYWEEK}_full.xbstream | awk '{print $1}')" "succeed" # 发送邮件通知 echo -e "mysql full backup success,named ${BAK_FULL_DIR}/mysql_backup_${CURRENT_DAYWEEK}_full.xbstream,took ${DATA_TIME} seconds,size $(du -sh ${BAK_FULL_DIR}/mysql_backup_${CURRENT_DAYWEEK}_full.xbstream | awk '{print $1}')" | mail -v -s "${IP_HOST}-MySQL全量备份成功-${CURRENT_DATETIME}" chegva@qq.com; # 远程归档备份文件 upload ${BAK_FULL_DIR}/mysql_backup_${CURRENT_DAYWEEK}_full.xbstream" else techo "mysql full backup fail" "failed" echo -e "${IP_HOST} MySQL全量备份失败-${CURRENT_DATETIME},请检察!" | mail -v -s "${IP_HOST}-MySQL全量备份失败-${CURRENT_DATETIME}" chegva@qq.com; rm -f ${BAK_FULL_DIR}/mysql_backup_${CURRENT_DAYWEEK}_full.xbstream" fi } # 每周周一到周六进行增量备份 incr_backup() { CURRENT_INCR_DIR="${BAK_WEEK_DIR}/INCR_${CURRENT_DAY_OF_WEEK}" PREV_DAY_OF_WEEK=$((${CURRENT_DAY_OF_WEEK} - 1)) BASE_DIR="${BAK_WEEK_DIR}/INCR_${PREV_DAY_OF_WEEK}" #如果不存在之前的增量,则使用全量路径作为增量的BASE #比如周一的时候 if [[ ! -d ${BASE_DIR} ]];then BASE_DIR=${BAK_FULL_DIR} fi #如果在此函数中,还没有BASE,则认为可能是在项目第一周执行 #进行一次全量备份 if [[ ! -d ${BASE_DIR} ]];then echo "*** ${BASE_DIR} as BASE_DIR is not exists!" >> ${BAK_LOG} echo "*** So Backup Processor into FULL BACKUP " >> ${BAK_LOG} full_backup exit $? fi #如果存放增量数据的目录已经存在,这里进行添加时间戳处理(一天可备份多次) if [[ -d ${CURRENT_INCR_DIR} ]];then CURRENT_INCR_DIR="${CURRENT_INCR_DIR}_${CURRENT_DATETIME}" fi #如果BASE_DIR存在,则进行增量备份 if [[ ! -d ${CURRENT_INCR_DIR} ]];then mkdir -p ${CURRENT_INCR_DIR} fi echo "*** INCR BACKUP Date : ${CURRENT_DATETIME}" >> ${CURRENT_INCR_DIR}/incr_backup.date DATA_START=$(date +%s) innobackupex ${CONNECT} --no-timestamp --compress --compress-threads=1 --stream=xbstream --parallel=2 --ftwrl-wait-timeout=120 --ftwrl-wait-threshold=120 --ftwrl-wait-query-type=all --incremental --incremental-basedir="${BASE_DIR}/LSN_INFO" --extra-lsndir="${CURRENT_INCR_DIR}/LSN_INFO" ${CURRENT_INCR_DIR} > "${CURRENT_INCR_DIR}/mysql_backup_${CURRENT_DAYWEEK}_incr.xbstream" 2>> ${BAK_LOG} DATA_MARK=$? DATA_END=$(date +%s) DATA_TIME=$((DATA_END-DATA_START)) if [ ${DATA_MARK} -eq 0 ];then techo "mysql incr backup success,named ${CURRENT_INCR_DIR}/mysql_backup_${CURRENT_DAYWEEK}_incr.xbstream,took ${DATA_TIME} seconds,size $(du -sh ${CURRENT_INCR_DIR}/mysql_backup_${CURRENT_DAYWEEK}_incr.xbstream | awk '{print $1}')" "succeed" # 发送邮件通知 echo -e "mysql incr backup success,named ${CURRENT_INCR_DIR}/mysql_backup_${CURRENT_DAYWEEK}_incr.xbstream,took ${DATA_TIME} seconds,size $(du -sh ${CURRENT_INCR_DIR}/mysql_backup_${CURRENT_DAYWEEK}_incr.xbstream | awk '{print $1}')" | mail -v -s "${IP_HOST}-MySQL增量备份成功-${CURRENT_DATETIME}" chegva@qq.com; # 远程归档备份文件 upload "${CURRENT_INCR_DIR}/mysql_backup_${CURRENT_DAYWEEK}_incr.xbstream" else techo "mysql incr backup fail" "failed" echo -e "${IP_HOST} MySQL增量备份失败-${CURRENT_DATETIME},请检察!" | mail -v -s "${IP_HOST}-MySQL增量备份失败-${CURRENT_DATETIME}" chegva@qq.com; rm -f ${CURRENT_INCR_DIR}/mysql_backup_${CURRENT_DAYWEEK}_incr.xbstream fi } # 将备份文件上传到冷备服务器 upload(){ local BAK_FILE="$1" ssh -o passwordauthentication=no -o stricthostkeychecking=no ${MANAGE_IP} "[ ! -d ${REMOTE_BACKUP_DIR}/${IP_HOST} ] && mkdir -p ${REMOTE_BACKUP_DIR}/${IP_HOST}" techo "mysql backup data ${BAK_FILE} upload start" DATA_UPLOAD_START=$(date +%s) scp -r -o passwordauthentication=no -o stricthostkeychecking=no ${BAK_FILE} ${MANAGE_IP}:${REMOTE_BACKUP_DIR}/${IP_HOST}/ 2>> ${BAK_LOG} DATA_UPLOAD_MARK=$? DATA_UPLOAD_END=$(date +%s) DATA_UPLOAD_TIME=$((DATA_UPLOAD_END-DATA_UPLOAD_START)) if [ ${DATA_UPLOAD_MARK} -eq 0 ];then techo "mysql remote backup file ${BAK_FILE} upload success,took ${DATA_UPLOAD_TIME} seconds" "succeed" else techo "mysql remote backup file ${BAK_FILE} upload fail" "failed" ssh ${MANAGE_IP} "rm -rf ${REMOTE_BACKUP_DIR}/${IP_HOST}/${BAK_FILE}" fi } # 美化输出 techo() { local msg=$1 local msg_level=${2:-'INFO'} echo "`date '+%F %T'` - [${msg_level}] ${msg}" >> $BAK_LOG } clean_backup() { techo "clean backup start..." "warn" find ${BAK_DIR_ROOT} -mtime +${HOLD_DAYS} >> $BAK_LOG find ${BAK_DIR_ROOT} -mtime +${HOLD_DAYS} -prune -exec rm -rf {} \; techo "clean backup end" "warn" echo ">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> ${CURRENT_DATETIME} End Backup <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<" >> ${BAK_LOG} } create_backup_user(){ #mysql -u root -p < create_backup_user.sql set @old_super_read_only=@@super_read_only; set @old_read_only=@@read_only; SET global super_read_only = 0; SET global read_only = 0; set sql_log_bin=0; create user 'mysql_backup'@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'backup_chegva.com'; GRANT RELOAD, PROCESS, LOCK TABLES, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO 'mysql_backup'@'127.0.0.1'; create user 'mysql_backup'@'localhost' identified by 'backup_chegva.com'; grant reload,lock tables,replication client,process on *.* to 'mysql_backup'@localhost; set sql_log_bin=1; set global super_read_only=@old_super_read_only; set global read_only=@old_read_only; } ################# main ################# prepare # 如果指定的全备时间 == 当前的时间,则执行全备 if [[ ${FULL_BAK_DAY_OF_WEEK} -eq ${CURRENT_DAY_OF_WEEK} ]];then full_backup else incr_backup fi clean_backup
添加crontab定时备份任务:
# backup mysql #30 3 * * * /bin/bash /root/mysql_backup_full_incr.sh >/dev/null 2>&1
查看效果: