生产实践：
z.sh用于linux常用目录跳转，v.sh用于常用vim编辑文件
学习技巧：
将z.sh放到~目录下，在.bashrc或.zshrc里添加[[ -f ~/z.sh ]] && source ~/z.sh
cp v.sh /usr/local/bin/v && chmod +x /usr/local/bin/v
脚本内容：
z.sh用于多个常用目录之间的跳转，相比cd好用很多。在命令行上敲z回车，便会出现该目录的完整目录名，下次再进入的话，只需敲z u（这时按下tab键会帮你补齐的，若是有两个同名的会连续变化）
z.sh使用方法：https://github.com/rupa/z/blob/master/README
# Copyright (c) 2009 rupa deadwyler. Licensed under the WTFPL license, Version 2
# maintains a jump-list of the directories you actually use
#
# INSTALL:
# * put something like this in your .bashrc/.zshrc:
# . /path/to/z.sh
# * cd around for a while to build up the db
# * PROFIT!!
# * optionally:
# set $_Z_CMD in .bashrc/.zshrc to change the command (default z).
# set $_Z_DATA in .bashrc/.zshrc to change the datafile (default ~/.z).
# set $_Z_NO_RESOLVE_SYMLINKS to prevent symlink resolution.
# set $_Z_NO_PROMPT_COMMAND if you're handling PROMPT_COMMAND yourself.
# set $_Z_EXCLUDE_DIRS to an array of directories to exclude.
# set $_Z_OWNER to your username if you want use z while sudo with $HOME kept
#
# USE:
# * z foo # cd to most frecent dir matching foo
# * z foo bar # cd to most frecent dir matching foo and bar
# * z -r foo # cd to highest ranked dir matching foo
# * z -t foo # cd to most recently accessed dir matching foo
# * z -l foo # list matches instead of cd
# * z -c foo # restrict matches to subdirs of $PWD
[ -d "${_Z_DATA:-$HOME/.z}" ] && {
echo "ERROR: z.sh's datafile (${_Z_DATA:-$HOME/.z}) is a directory."
}
_z() {
local datafile="${_Z_DATA:-$HOME/.z}"
# if symlink, dereference
[ -h "$datafile" ] && datafile=$(readlink "$datafile")
# bail if we don't own ~/.z and $_Z_OWNER not set
[ -z "$_Z_OWNER" -a -f "$datafile" -a ! -O "$datafile" ] && return
_z_dirs () {
while read line; do
# only count directories
[ -d "${line%%\|*}" ] && echo $line
done < "$datafile"
return 0
}
# add entries
if [ "$1" = "--add" ]; then
shift
# $HOME isn't worth matching
[ "$*" = "$HOME" ] && return
# don't track excluded directory trees
local exclude
for exclude in "${_Z_EXCLUDE_DIRS[@]}"; do
case "$*" in "$exclude*") return;; esac
done
# maintain the data file
local tempfile="$datafile.$RANDOM"
awk < <(_z_dirs 2>/dev/null) -v path="$*" -v now="$(date +%s)" -F"|" '
BEGIN {
rank[path] = 1
time[path] = now
}
$2 >= 1 {
# drop ranks below 1
if( $1 == path ) {
rank[$1] = $2 + 1
time[$1] = now
} else {
rank[$1] = $2
time[$1] = $3
}
count += $2
}
END {
if( count > 9000 ) {
# aging
for( x in rank ) print x "|" 0.99*rank[x] "|" time[x]
} else for( x in rank ) print x "|" rank[x] "|" time[x]
}
' 2>/dev/null >| "$tempfile"
# do our best to avoid clobbering the datafile in a race condition.
if [ $? -ne 0 -a -f "$datafile" ]; then
env rm -f "$tempfile"
else
[ "$_Z_OWNER" ] && chown $_Z_OWNER:$(id -ng $_Z_OWNER) "$tempfile"
env mv -f "$tempfile" "$datafile" || env rm -f "$tempfile"
fi
# tab completion
elif [ "$1" = "--complete" -a -s "$datafile" ]; then
while read line; do
[ -d "${line%%\|*}" ] && echo $line
done < "$datafile" | awk -v q="$2" -F"|" '
BEGIN {
if( q == tolower(q) ) imatch = 1
q = substr(q, 3)
gsub(" ", ".*", q)
}
{
if( imatch ) {
if( tolower($1) ~ tolower(q) ) print $1
} else if( $1 ~ q ) print $1
}
' 2>/dev/null
else
# list/go
while [ "$1" ]; do case "$1" in
--) while [ "$1" ]; do shift; local fnd="$fnd${fnd:+ }$1";done;;
-*) local opt=${1:1}; while [ "$opt" ]; do case ${opt:0:1} in
c) local fnd="^$PWD $fnd";;
e) local echo=echo;;
h) echo "${_Z_CMD:-z} [-cehlrtx] args" >&2; return;;
l) local list=1;;
r) local typ="rank";;
t) local typ="recent";;
x) sed -i -e "\:^${PWD}|.*:d" "$datafile";;
esac; opt=${opt:1}; done;;
*) local fnd="$fnd${fnd:+ }$1";;
esac; local last=$1; [ "$#" -gt 0 ] && shift; done
[ "$fnd" -a "$fnd" != "^$PWD " ] || local list=1
# if we hit enter on a completion just go there
case "$last" in
# completions will always start with /
/*) [ -z "$list" -a -d "$last" ] && builtin cd "$last" && return;;
esac
# no file yet
[ -f "$datafile" ] || return
local cd
cd="$( < <( _z_dirs ) awk -v t="$(date +%s)" -v list="$list" -v typ="$typ" -v q="$fnd" -F"|" '
function frecent(rank, time) {
# relate frequency and time
dx = t - time
if( dx < 3600 ) return rank * 4
if( dx < 86400 ) return rank * 2
if( dx < 604800 ) return rank / 2
return rank / 4
}
function output(files, out, common) {
# list or return the desired directory
if( list ) {
cmd = "sort -n >&2"
for( x in files ) {
if( files[x] ) printf "%-10s %s\n", files[x], x | cmd
}
if( common ) {
printf "%-10s %s\n", "common:", common > "/dev/stderr"
}
} else {
if( common ) out = common
print out
}
}
function common(matches) {
# find the common root of a list of matches, if it exists
for( x in matches ) {
if( matches[x] && (!short || length(x) < length(short)) ) {
short = x
}
}
if( short == "/" ) return
# use a copy to escape special characters, as we want to return
# the original. yeah, this escaping is awful.
clean_short = short
gsub(/\[\(\)\[\]\|\]/, "\\\\&", clean_short)
for( x in matches ) if( matches[x] && x !~ clean_short ) return
return short
}
BEGIN {
gsub(" ", ".*", q)
hi_rank = ihi_rank = -9999999999
}
{
if( typ == "rank" ) {
rank = $2
} else if( typ == "recent" ) {
rank = $3 - t
} else rank = frecent($2, $3)
if( $1 ~ q ) {
matches[$1] = rank
} else if( tolower($1) ~ tolower(q) ) imatches[$1] = rank
if( matches[$1] && matches[$1] > hi_rank ) {
best_match = $1
hi_rank = matches[$1]
} else if( imatches[$1] && imatches[$1] > ihi_rank ) {
ibest_match = $1
ihi_rank = imatches[$1]
}
}
END {
# prefer case sensitive
if( best_match ) {
output(matches, best_match, common(matches))
} else if( ibest_match ) {
output(imatches, ibest_match, common(imatches))
}
}
')"
[ $? -eq 0 ] && [ "$cd" ] && {
if [ "$echo" ]; then echo "$cd"; else builtin cd "$cd"; fi
}
fi
}
alias ${_Z_CMD:-z}='_z 2>&1'
[ "$_Z_NO_RESOLVE_SYMLINKS" ] || _Z_RESOLVE_SYMLINKS="-P"
if type compctl >/dev/null 2>&1; then
# zsh
[ "$_Z_NO_PROMPT_COMMAND" ] || {
# populate directory list, avoid clobbering any other precmds.
if [ "$_Z_NO_RESOLVE_SYMLINKS" ]; then
_z_precmd() {
(_z --add "${PWD:a}" &)
}
else
_z_precmd() {
(_z --add "${PWD:A}" &)
}
fi
[[ -n "${precmd_functions[(r)_z_precmd]}" ]] || {
precmd_functions[$(($#precmd_functions+1))]=_z_precmd
}
}
_z_zsh_tab_completion() {
# tab completion
local compl
read -l compl
reply=(${(f)"$(_z --complete "$compl")"})
}
compctl -U -K _z_zsh_tab_completion _z
elif type complete >/dev/null 2>&1; then
# bash
# tab completion
complete -o filenames -C '_z --complete "$COMP_LINE"' ${_Z_CMD:-z}
[ "$_Z_NO_PROMPT_COMMAND" ] || {
# populate directory list. avoid clobbering other PROMPT_COMMANDs.
grep "_z --add" <<< "$PROMPT_COMMAND" >/dev/null || {
PROMPT_COMMAND="$PROMPT_COMMAND"$'\n''(_z --add "$(command pwd '$_Z_RESOLVE_SYMLINKS' 2>/dev/null)" 2>/dev/null &);'
}
}
fi
